Utica (Tiberius), quadrantes (2.5g) (veiled head/inscription) (14-17 CE)
From SILVER
14 CE - 17 CE Bronze
Description
| Obverse: | Veiled head, right, behind, sceptre |
| Reverse: | M M IVL VTI D D (around) P P (Latin).P P across field |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Utica | Ancient region: | Zeugitana | Modern country: Tunisia | Authority: | Tiberius (Roman emperor, 14-37 AD), Roman Empire |
Chronology
| From | 14 CE | to | 17 CE | Period: Roman from 30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Bronze
|
Median weight in grams | 2.50 | Denomination: | quadrans
|
Standard: | Roman |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Villemur 2024b, p. 85 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2RPC I, n° 729-730 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 1 | 50 | 1 | 12.5 | XII1 |
| 7 | 1 | 50 | 7 | 87.5 | XI1 |
| Total | 2 of 2 | 100 | 8 of 8 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 2 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 1 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 3 | Number of coins (n) | 8 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 4 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 2.67 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.5 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 50 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 2.33 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 46,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 2.67 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00017 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 87.5% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 6,866.95 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 17,167.38 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Villemur, Patrick (2024), Le monnayage du municipe romain d'Utique (Afrique proconsulaire), Numismatica Antiqua 16, Bordeaux, Ausonius, 195 p.
- ^ Amandry, Michel - Burnett, Andrew - Ripolles, Pere Pau (1998), Roman provincial coinage. I. From the death of Caesar to the death of Vitellius (44 BC-AC 69), London-Paris, 2 vol., xvii + 812 p., 195 pl.
