Utica (Tiberius), dupondii (14g) (Tiberius/seated veiled Livia) (14-21 CE)
From SILVER
14 CE - 21 CE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | TI CAE DIVI AVG F AVG IMP VII (Latin).Bare head of Tiberius to left. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | M MVN IVL VTICEN D D P P (Latin).Livia, veiled, seated right, holding patera in her right hand and scepter in her left |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Utica | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Zeugitana | Modern countryModern country: Tunisia | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Empire, Tiberius (Roman emperor, 14-37 AD) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 14 CE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 21 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: |
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze 
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 14.00 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | dupondius
|
StandardStandard.: | Roman |
Image
References
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 10 | 20.41 | 10 | 3.03 | XIV5, XV8, XVI3, XVIII1, XIX3, XX2, XXII3, XXIIB2, XXIV3, XXV2 |
| 2 | 6 | 12.24 | 12 | 3.64 | XIV8, XV7, XVI4, XVII2, XXIII2, XXVB2 |
| 3 | 8 | 16.33 | 24 | 7.27 | XIV3, XIV6, XVI2, XVI5, XXII2, XXIV2, XXV1, XXV3 |
| 4 | 3 | 6.12 | 12 | 3.64 | XIII2, XIV7, XIV9 |
| 5 | 3 | 6.12 | 15 | 4.55 | XIV4, XX1, XXIII1 |
| 6 | 3 | 6.12 | 18 | 5.45 | XIV1, XIV2, XX3 |
| 7 | 2 | 4.08 | 14 | 4.24 | XVI1, XXIIB1 |
| 9 | 2 | 4.08 | 18 | 5.45 | XIII1, XXIV1 |
| 10 | 1 | 2.04 | 10 | 3.03 | XIX1 |
| 11 | 1 | 2.04 | 11 | 3.33 | XV5 |
| 12 | 2 | 4.08 | 24 | 7.27 | XXII1, XXVB1 |
| 13 | 3 | 6.12 | 39 | 11.82 | XV2, XV3, XXI1 |
| 14 | 1 | 2.04 | 14 | 4.24 | XVII1 |
| 17 | 1 | 2.04 | 17 | 5.15 | XV4 |
| 21 | 1 | 2.04 | 21 | 6.36 | XIX2 |
| 29 | 1 | 2.04 | 29 | 8.79 | XV6 |
| 42 | 1 | 2.04 | 42 | 12.73 | XV1 |
| Total | 49 of 49 | 99.98 | 330 of 330 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 49 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 10 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 151 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 330 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 6.73 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.19 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 3.08 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 20.41 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 51.92 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,038,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 57.54 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00032 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 96.97% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 12,711.86 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 31,779.66 |
Remarks
Most likely more than 2 workstations
References
- ^ Villemur, Patrick (2024), Le monnayage du municipe romain d'Utique (Afrique proconsulaire), Numismatica Antiqua 16, Bordeaux, Ausonius, 195 p.
- ^ Amandry, Michel - Burnett, Andrew - Ripolles, Pere Pau (1998), Roman provincial coinage. I. From the death of Caesar to the death of Vitellius (44 BC-AC 69), London-Paris, 2 vol., xvii + 812 p., 195 pl.
