Stratoniceia, silver, hemidrachms (Zeus/Eagle) (140-88 BCE)
From SILVER
140 BCE - 88 BCE Silver 1,876 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Zeus right, wearing laurel wreath. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | CT ou ΣT (Greek).Eagle with spread wings standing right, MENAN above, pedum to right, all within incuse square |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Stratoniceia | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Caria | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 140 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 88 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 1.35 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | hemidrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Rhodian |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Meadows 2002, p. 81-91, n° 1-150 (hemidrachm, Group 2). | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 4930-4931 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 15 | 24.19 | 15 | 5.07 | 2, 7, 15, 16, 22, 27, 35, 36, 38, 39, 44, 51, 56, 57, 62 |
| 2 | 13 | 20.97 | 26 | 8.78 | 3, 8, 14, 17, 19, 20, 25, 29, 34, 41, 43, 47, 53 |
| 3 | 7 | 11.29 | 21 | 7.09 | 1, 13, 24, 32, 37, 40, 42 |
| 4 | 5 | 8.06 | 20 | 6.76 | 23, 28, 33, 49, 61 |
| 5 | 1 | 1.61 | 5 | 1.69 | 4 |
| 6 | 4 | 6.45 | 24 | 8.11 | 18, 30, 58, 60 |
| 7 | 2 | 3.23 | 14 | 4.73 | 5, 31 |
| 8 | 3 | 4.84 | 24 | 8.11 | 10, 26, 46 |
| 9 | 4 | 6.45 | 36 | 12.16 | 11, 45, 48, 59 |
| 10 | 1 | 1.61 | 10 | 3.38 | 55 |
| 11 | 1 | 1.61 | 11 | 3.72 | 52 |
| 12 | 2 | 3.23 | 24 | 8.11 | 6, 9 |
| 14 | 2 | 3.23 | 28 | 9.46 | 12, 54 |
| 15 | 1 | 1.61 | 15 | 5.07 | 50 |
| 23 | 1 | 1.61 | 23 | 7.77 | 21 |
| Total | 62 of 62 | 99.99 | 296 of 296 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 62 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 14 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 115 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 296 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 4.77 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.57 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.85 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 22.58 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 69.47 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,389,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 78.43 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00021 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 95.27% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 8,521.66 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,876 kg <br /> 1,876 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 21,304.16 |
Remarks
Likely military
