Sidon (Ptolemy IV), silver, tetradrachms ΣΩ (Serapis/Isis) (217-215 BCE)
From SILVER
217 BCE - 215 BCE Silver 871 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Jugate busts right of Serapis, laureate, bearded and draped, and Isis, crowned, diademed and draped |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΠTOΛEMAIOY BAΣIΛEΩΣ (Greek).Eagle with closed wings standing on thunderbolt to left, his head turned back to right, with cornucopiae at his shoulder, in field to left, Ω/Σ, between legs, ΣΙ |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Sidon | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Phoenicia | Modern countryModern country: Lebanon | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Ptolemaic dynasty (323-30 BC), Ptolemy IV Philopator (Ptolemaic king, 221-205 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 217 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 215 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 14.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Ptolemaic |
Image
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References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Carlen 2022, p. 58-60, n° 4-29 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 7834 (var.), "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3CPE I, n° 920, 933-934 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 3 | 1 | 33.33 | 3 | 11.54 | 4 |
| 7 | 1 | 33.33 | 7 | 26.92 | 5 |
| 16 | 1 | 33.33 | 16 | 61.54 | 3 |
| Total | 3 of 3 | 99.99 | 26 of 26 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 3 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 13 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 26 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 8.67 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 4.33 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 3.09 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 61,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 3.39 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00042 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 16,828.48 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 871 kg <br /> 871 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 42,071.2 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military
References
- ^ Carlen, Eric (2022), "The Silver ΣΩ Coinage of Ptolemy IV and Related Issues," Israel Numismatic Research, 17, p. 51-69.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Lorber, Catharine C. (2018), Coins of the Ptolemaic empire : Part I. Ptolemy I through Ptolemy IV, 2 vol., New York.
