Sidon (Evagoras), silver, double shekels (347-343 BCE)
From SILVER
346 BCE - 343 BCE Silver 11,719 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | (Phoenician).Phoenician galley to left, II (date, in Phoenician) above, waves below |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | OO (in Aramaic) above (Phoenician).Persian king and driver in chariot to left, to right, king of Sidon, in Egyptian style garments and holding cultic sceptre, walking to left |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Sidon | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Phoenicia | Modern countryModern country: Lebanon | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Evagoras, king of Sidon (346-343 BCE), Persian Empire |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 346 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 343 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 25.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | double shekel | StandardStandard.: | Phoenician |
Image
S1998 Sidon Evagoras double shekels.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Elayi - Elayi 20041Elayi - Elayi 2004, p. 243-259, n° 1627-1732 (Group IV.4.1) | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 5942, HGC 103HGC 10, n° 258 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 6 | 31.58 | 6 | 8.82 | 1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 19 |
| 2 | 6 | 31.58 | 12 | 17.65 | 2, 4, 13, 15, 16, 18 |
| 4 | 3 | 15.79 | 12 | 17.65 | 5, 6, 17 |
| 7 | 1 | 5.26 | 7 | 10.29 | 11 |
| 8 | 1 | 5.26 | 8 | 11.76 | 12 |
| 10 | 1 | 5.26 | 10 | 14.71 | 10 |
| 13 | 1 | 5.26 | 13 | 19.12 | 14 |
| Total | 19 of 19 | 99.99 | 68 of 68 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 19 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 6 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 25 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 68 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.58 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.72 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.32 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 31.58 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 22.8 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 456,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 26.37 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00015 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 91.18% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 5,964.91 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 11,719 kg <br /> 11,719 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 14,912.28 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Elayi, Josette - Elayi, Alain G. (2004), Le monnayage de la cité phénicienne de Sidon à l'époque perse (Ve-IVe s. av. J.-C.), Transeuphratène Suppl. 11, Paris, Gabalda, 2 v., 855 p., 77 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2010), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 10. handbook of coins of the Southern Levant : Phoenicia, southern Koile Syria (including Judaea), and Arabia, Lancaster-London, lxxix, 201 p.
