Sidon (Baalshillem II), silver, 16th shekels (401-365 BCE)
From SILVER
401 BCE - 365 BCE Silver 4,141 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Phoenician galley to left, Phoenician B above, waves below |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Persian king or hero, holding dagger in right hand, standing to right, fighting lion standing to left on its hind legs, O between, all within incuse square |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Sidon | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Phoenicia | Modern countryModern country: Lebanon | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Baalshillem II (king of Sidon, 401-365 BCE), Persian Empire |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 401 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 365 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
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Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 0.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | 16th shekel | StandardStandard.: | Persian |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Elayi - Elayi 2004, p. 130-178, n° 804-1216 (Group IV.1.3) | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 5933, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HGC 10, n° 240 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 78 | 69.03 | 78 | 44.83 | B2, B6, B8, B10, B11, B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B18, B19, B20, B21, 2, 3, 6, 10, 12, 14, 17, 25, 26, 27, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46, 47, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 82, 84, 85, 87, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 |
| 2 | 22 | 19.47 | 44 | 25.29 | B1, B3, B5, B7, B9, B17, 4, 5, 7, 8, 15, 18, 20, 28, 29, 45, 48, 50, 64, 80, 83, 86 |
| 3 | 6 | 5.31 | 18 | 10.34 | 13, 19, 22, 24, 79, 81 |
| 4 | 5 | 4.42 | 20 | 11.49 | B4, 9, 11, 16, 23 |
| 7 | 2 | 1.77 | 14 | 8.05 | 1, 21 |
| Total | 113 of 113 | 100 | 174 of 174 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 113 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 78 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 126 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 174 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.54 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.38 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.12 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 69.03 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 258.8 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 5,176,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 322.33 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00003 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 55.17% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 1,344.67 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 4,141 kg <br /> 4,141 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 3,361.67 |
Remarks
B1, B2, etc. are for the coins of Groups IV.1.3.a and b (n° 804-850) with lion turning back
References
- ^ Elayi, Josette - Elayi, Alain G. (2004), Le monnayage de la cité phénicienne de Sidon à l'époque perse (Ve-IVe s. av. J.-C.), Transeuphratène Suppl. 11, Paris, Gabalda, 2 v., 855 p., 77 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2010), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 10. handbook of coins of the Southern Levant : Phoenicia, southern Koile Syria (including Judaea), and Arabia, Lancaster-London, lxxix, 201 p.
