Sidon (Alexander the Great), silver, tetradrachms (Heracles/seated Zeus) (332-308 BCE)
From SILVER
332 BCE - 308 BCE Silver 12,802 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | AΛEΞANΔPOY, (Greek).Zeus Aëtophoros seated left, Σ below throne |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Sidon | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Phoenicia | Modern countryModern country: Lebanon | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC), Macedonian kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 332 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 308 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 17.30 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Newell 1916, p. 8-20 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Price 1991, n° 3467, 3468, 3474-5, 3479, 3481, 3483, 3487, 3489, 3491, 3495, 3498... 3526 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 7 | 21.21 | 7 | 4.46 | IV, VII, VIII, XVI, XXII, XXV, XXVI |
| 2 | 1 | 3.03 | 2 | 1.27 | XXX |
| 3 | 8 | 24.24 | 24 | 15.29 | II, V, XVIII, XIX, XX, XXI, XXIII, XXVIII |
| 4 | 6 | 18.18 | 24 | 15.29 | XII, XVII, XXIV, XXVII, XXIX, XXXI |
| 5 | 1 | 3.03 | 5 | 3.18 | XI |
| 6 | 1 | 3.03 | 6 | 3.82 | XIV |
| 7 | 2 | 6.06 | 14 | 8.92 | X, XIII |
| 8 | 1 | 3.03 | 8 | 5.1 | I |
| 9 | 2 | 6.06 | 18 | 11.46 | III, XXXIII |
| 10 | 1 | 3.03 | 10 | 6.37 | XXXII |
| 12 | 2 | 6.06 | 24 | 15.29 | VI, IX |
| 15 | 1 | 3.03 | 15 | 9.55 | XV |
| Total | 33 of 33 | 99.99 | 157 of 157 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 33 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 7 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 84 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 157 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 4.76 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.87 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.55 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 21.21 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 37 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 740,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 41.78 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00021 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 95.54% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 8,486.49 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 12,802 kg <br /> 12,802 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 21,216.22 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Certainly military
