Sidon, bronze (c. 1.8g) (Tyche/rudder) (114-110 BCE)
From SILVER
114 BCE - 110 BCE Bronze
Description
| Obverse: | Bust of Tyche right, wearing mural crown and a drapery. In the field, one/several letter(s) or monogram. Border of dots. |
| Reverse: | LSDNM ('M KMB 'P KTSR) (Phoenician).Different types: 1) Rudder. Border of dots, 2) Europa seated on Zeus metamorphosed in a bull left, holding her veil inflated by the wind above her head. Border of dots. |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Sidon | Ancient region: | Phoenicia | Modern country: Lebanon | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 114 BCE | to | 110 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Bronze
|
Median weight in grams | 1.80 | Denomination: | Standard: |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Abou Diwan 2012, p. 97-98, n° 90-113 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 5958, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HGC 10, 296 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 11 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 7 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 18 | Number of coins (n) | 18 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 1.64 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 1 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.64 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 63.64 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 22.8 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 456,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 28.29 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00004 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 61.11% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 1,578.95 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 3,947.37 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely not military "R" is for "rudder", "E" is for "Europa"
References
- ^ Abou Diwan, Georges (2012), "Le monnayage civique non daté de Sidon: Opportunisme civique et pragmatisme royal (169/8-111/0 av. J.-C.)", American Journal of Numismatic, 24, p. 91-121.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2010), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 10. handbook of coins of the Southern Levant : Phoenicia, southern Koile Syria (including Judaea), and Arabia, Lancaster-London, lxxix, 201 p.
