S 92 - Tigranocerta (Tigranes II), silver, tetradrachms (80-68 BCE) Nercessian

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 9213


83 BCE - 69 BCE Silver 21,471 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Head of the king Tigranes to right, wearing the diademed royal tiara orned with a star between two eagles, a drapery around the neck, within a circle of perles et pirouettes.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ TIΓΡΑΝΟΥ (Greek).Tyche of Antioch seated on a rock to right, wearing a mural crown and a long tunic, holding a palm in the right hand. At her feet, the river Orontus personified three quarter right, head facing. In the right field, one/several letter(s) and/or a monogram. On the rock, a letter or a monogram (for certain issues). All within a laurel wreath.
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Tigranocerta Ancient regionAncient region.: Armenia Modern countryModern country: Turkey AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: Tigranes II of Armenia (Artaxiad king, c. 95-56 BC)
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 83 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 69 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 15.90 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: tetradrachm Nomisma.org StandardStandard.: Attic
Image
S 92 - Tigranocerta Tigranes II, tetradrachm, 80-68 BCE, Nercessian.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Nercessian 20061Nercessian 2006, p. 26-80.
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 14 20.9 14 1.9 A9, A12, A13, A23, A27, A44, A46, A51, A52, A54, A59, A62, A66, A67
2 11 16.42 22 2.99 A11, A18, A20, A25, A29, A30, A31, A36, A38, A50, A56
3 3 4.48 9 1.22 A5, A16, A40
4 3 4.48 12 1.63 A15, A24, A47
5 3 4.48 15 2.04 A8, A28, A37
6 3 4.48 18 2.45 A3, A45, A64
7 1 1.49 7 0.95 A35
8 2 2.99 16 2.17 A42, A53
9 3 4.48 27 3.67 A42, A53
10 1 1.49 10 1.36 A4
11 1 1.49 11 1.49 A49
13 2 2.99 26 3.53 A7, A43
14 1 1.49 14 1.9 A19
17 2 2.99 34 4.62 A55, A58
18 1 1.49 18 2.45 A60
19 2 2.99 38 5.16 A21, A65
20 1 1.49 20 2.72 A61
21 1 1.49 21 2.85 A63
22 1 1.49 22 2.99 A17
23 1 1.49 23 3.13 A10
25 1 1.49 25 3.4 A33
27 1 1.49 27 3.67 A22
36 1 1.49 36 4.89 A57
37 1 1.49 37 5.03 A32
39 1 1.49 39 5.3 A2
41 1 1.49 41 5.57 A34
42 1 1.49 42 5.71 A39
48 1 1.49 48 6.52 A41
59 1 1.49 59 8.02
64 1 1.49 64 8.7
Total 67 of 67 99.99 795 of 736 108.03
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 67 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  14
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 518 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 736
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 10.99 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 1.42
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 7.73 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  20.9 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  67.52 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  1,350,400
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 73.71 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00055
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 98.1% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  21,800.95
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  21,471 kg <br /> 21,471 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  54,502.37
Remarks


References

  1. ^  Nercessian, Yeghia T. (2006), Silver Coinage of the Artaxiad Dynasty of Armenia, Los Angeles, ix, 212 p., 96 pl.