S 1649 - Amphipolis (Macedonians), silver, hemidrachms (nymph/stern) (221-197 BCE)
From SILVER
221 BCE - 197 BCE Silver 3,373 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Wreathed head of nymph right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | MAKE/ΔONΩN (Greek).Stern right, M to right |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Amphipolis | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedonia | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Philip V of Macedonia (238-179 BCE) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 221 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 197 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 2.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | hemidrachm , tetrobol
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Kremydi 2018, p. 61-69 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 1384, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HGC 3.1, n° 326 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 31 | 47.69 | 31 | 14.69 | 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 23, 24, 32, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, 43, 47, 48, 50, 52, 53, 54, 57, 58, 59, 61, 65 |
| 2 | 12 | 18.46 | 24 | 11.37 | 7, 19, 26, 28, 29, 30, 46, 49, 51, 55, 56, 64 |
| 3 | 7 | 10.77 | 21 | 9.95 | 1, 21, 25, 27, 36, 44, 63 |
| 4 | 4 | 6.15 | 16 | 7.58 | 5, 22, 38, 41 |
| 5 | 3 | 4.62 | 15 | 7.11 | 34, 42, 45 |
| 6 | 2 | 3.08 | 12 | 5.69 | 31, 62 |
| 8 | 1 | 1.54 | 8 | 3.79 | 60 |
| 9 | 1 | 1.54 | 9 | 4.27 | 20 |
| 10 | 1 | 1.54 | 10 | 4.74 | 17 |
| 17 | 1 | 1.54 | 17 | 8.06 | 18 |
| 18 | 1 | 1.54 | 18 | 8.53 | 16 |
| 30 | 1 | 1.54 | 30 | 14.22 | 14 |
| Total | 65 of 65 | 100.01 | 211 of 211 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 65 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 31 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 107 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 211 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.25 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.97 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.65 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 47.69 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 80.32 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,606,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 93.94 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00013 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 85.31% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 5,253.98 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 3,373 kg <br /> 3,373 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 13,134.96 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Kremydi, Sophia (2018), 'Autonomous' coinages under the late Antigonids, Melethmata 79, Athens, Institute of Historical Research, 406 p., 72 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2016), Handbook of coins of Macedon and its neighbors. 3. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 437 p.
