S 1616 - Ionia (uncertain mint), electrum, 1/12th staters (550-525 BCE)
From SILVER
550 BCE - 525 BCE Electrum 1,465 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of bridled horse left |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Incuse square punch |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Ionia (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Ionia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 550 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 525 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Archaic until 480 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Electrum http://nomisma.org/id/el | Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 1.15 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | 1/12th stater | StandardStandard.: | Milesian |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Fischer-Bossert 2016d, p. 8-10, n° 14-23 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 2 | 33.33 | 2 | 5 | 11, 15 |
| 2 | 1 | 16.67 | 2 | 5 | 14 |
| 3 | 1 | 16.67 | 3 | 7.5 | 13 |
| 16 | 1 | 16.67 | 16 | 40 | 10 |
| 17 | 1 | 16.67 | 17 | 42.5 | 12 |
| Total | 6 of 6 | 100.01 | 40 of 40 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 6 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 2 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 9 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 40 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 6.67 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 4.44 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.5 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 6.37 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 127,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 7.06 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00031 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 95% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 12,558.87 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,465 kg <br /> 1,465 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 31,397.17 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Fischer-Bossert, Wolfgang (2016), "Horses with and without wings", in in Michele Asolati, Bruno Callegher and Andrea Saccocci (eds.), Suadente nummo vetere. Studi in in onore di Giovanni Gorini, Padova, p. 1-21
