Rome (Titus), sestertii (Colosseum/seated Titus) (RIC II.1, 184 - 80-81 CE)
From SILVER
80 CE - 81 CE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Colosseum seen from front and above between obelisk on base (Meta Sudans) and porticoed building of two stories (Baths of Titus), without legend |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | IMP T CAES VESP AVG P M TR P P P COS VIII (SC) (Latin).Titus seated l. holding branch and roll on curule chair set on globe among arms. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Rome | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Latium | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Titus (Roman emperor, 79-81 AD), Roman Empire |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 80 CE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 81 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
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Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 25.00 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | sestertius | StandardStandard.: |
Image
,_sesterces_(80-81_BCE).jpg)
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Elkins 2006 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2RIC II.1, n° 184 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 2.44 | 3 |
| 3 | 1 | 20 | 3 | 7.32 | 2 |
| 5 | 1 | 20 | 5 | 12.2 | 1 |
| 11 | 1 | 20 | 11 | 26.83 | 4 |
| 21 | 1 | 20 | 21 | 51.22 | 5 |
| Total | 5 of 5 | 100 | 41 of 41 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 5 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 1 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 8 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 41 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 8.2 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 5.13 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.6 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 20 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 5.17 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 103,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 5.69 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00040 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 97.56% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 15,860.74 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 39,651.84 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation There are two types (
