Rome (Faustina), gold, aurei (Faustina/shrine with elephants) (146-161 CE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ᵖ: 12677


146 CE - 161 CE Gold 240,840 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: DIVA FAVSTINA (Latin).Draped bust of Faustina to right.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: AETERNITAS (Latin).Diva Faustina seated left in a portable shrine drawn by two elephants to left, each elephant ridden by a driver
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Rome Ancient regionAncient region.: Latium Modern countryModern country: Italy AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: Antoninus Pius (Roman emperor, 138-161 AD), Roman Empire
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 146 CE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 161 CE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Gold Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 7.20 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: aureus StandardStandard.:
Image
]]S1800 Rome Faustina gold.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Beckmann 2012
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 25 16.23 25 2.85
2 14 9.09 28 3.2
3 16 10.39 48 5.48
4 26 16.88 104 11.87
5 15 9.74 75 8.56
6 15 9.74 90 10.27
7 9 5.84 63 7.19
8 5 3.25 40 4.57
9 7 4.55 63 7.19
10 2 1.3 20 2.28
11 2 1.3 22 2.51
12 3 1.95 36 4.11
13 3 1.95 39 4.45
14 2 1.3 28 3.2
15 2 1.3 30 3.42
16 3 1.95 48 5.48
17 1 0.65 17 1.94
21 2 1.3 42 4.79
27 1 0.65 27 3.08
31 1 0.65 31 3.54
Total 154 of 154 100.01 876 of 876 99.98
Reverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) % (r) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 71 30.47 71 8.11
2 32 13.73 64 7.31
3 42 18.03 126 14.38
4 20 8.58 80 9.13
5 25 10.73 125 14.27
6 13 5.58 78 8.9
7 7 3 49 5.59
8 5 2.15 40 4.57
9 4 1.72 36 4.11
10 3 1.29 30 3.42
11 1 0.43 11 1.26
12 1 0.43 12 1.37
13 1 0.43 13 1.48
14 1 0.43 14 1.6
15 4 1.72 60 6.85
19 1 0.43 19 2.17
24 1 0.43 24 2.74
28 1 0.43 28 3.2
Total 233 of 233 100.01 880 of 876 100.46
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) 154 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ 25
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 233 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 876
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 5.69 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 3.76
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 1.51 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ 16.23 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ 167.25 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ 3,345,000
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) 186.85 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ 0.00026
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) 97.15% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ 10,475.34
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ 240,840 kg <br /> 240,840 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ 26,188.34
Remarks
Certainly military

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References

  1. ^  Beckmann, Martin (2012), Diva Faustina. Coinage and Cult in Rome and the Provinces, Numismatic Studies 26, New York, 170 p., 17 pl.