RQEM ad. 438 - Messene, bronze, chalkoi (400-200 BCE)
From SILVER
400 BCE - 200 BCE Bronze
Description
| Obverse: | Head of Demeter left, wearing earring, necklace and ear and leaves wreath. |
| Reverse: | ME (Greek).Tripod with three handles. (In the field, O or Θ.) |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Messene | Ancient region: | Peloponnesus | Modern country: Greece | Authority: | Messenian League |
Chronology
| From | 400 BCE | to | 200 BCE | Period: Classical 480-323 BC  , Hellenistic 323-30 BC
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Bronze
|
Median weight in grams | 2.60 | Denomination: | chalkous
|
Standard: |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Grandjean 2003, series V | ||
| Coin series reference: | |||
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 14 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 10 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 16 | Number of coins (n) | 18 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 1.29 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 1.13 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.14 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 71.43 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 49.47 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 989,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 63 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00002 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 44.44% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 727.71 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 1,819.28 |
Remarks
Metrology boards, p. 40.
References
- ^ C. Grandjean, Les Messéniens de 370/369 au 1er siècle de notre ère. Monnayages et histoire, Athens, 2003
