RQEM ad. 14 - Edessa (Macedon), bronze, dupondii (131-132 CE)
From SILVER
131 CE - 132 CE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Αὐτοκράτωρ Ἁδριανὸς Καίσαρ (Greek).Bust of Hadrianus right, bearded, wearing laurel wreath and armour. Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ᾽Εδεσσαίων (Greek).Personified Rome seated on shield and armour left, wearing Attic helmet and chiton, hoding a stephanephoros Nike in right hand. Behind her, personified Edessa three quarter left, wearing mural crown and peplos, crowning Rome. At the City feet, goat. Border of dots. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Edessa | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Hadrian (Roman emperor, 117-138 AD), Roman Empire |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 131 CE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 132 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 10.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | dupondius
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StandardStandard.: |
Image
RQEM_ad_14.png "Paris, BnF, Fonds général 701 (https" has not been listed as valid URI scheme.[Paris, BnF, Fonds général 701 (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b85904539)]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Papaefthymiou 20021Papaefthymiou 2002, p. 49, no. 1. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 3 | 1 | 100 | 3 | 100 | 1 |
| Total | 1 of 1 | 100 | 3 of 3 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 1 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 0 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 1 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 3 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 3 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 0 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 1.27 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 25,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 1.5 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00012 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 100% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 4,724.41 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 11,811.02 |
Remarks
The coinage of Hadrian is divided in 2 groups: the double as correspond to group A. Metrology p. 189-209.
References
- ^ E. Papaefthymiou, Edessa de Macédoine. Etude historique et numismatique, Athens, 2002
