RQEM ad. 13 - Edessa (Macedon) (Tiberius), bronze, asses (14-37 CE)
From SILVER
14 CE - 37 CE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Several legends: 1) Σεβαστὸς Θεὸς Ἐδεσσαίων ; 2) Tι(βέριος) Καίσαρ Σεβαστός (Greek).Several types: 1) Head of Augustus left or right, (wearing laurel wreath). Border of dots, 2) Head of Tiberius left or right, (wearing laurel wreath). Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Several legends : 1) Tι(βέριος) Καίσαρ Σεβαστός ; 2) Ἐδεσσαων Σεβαστὴ (Greek).Several types: 1) Head of Tiberius left or right.Border of dots, 2) Head of Livia right, with hair bun. Border of dots. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Edessa | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Empire, Tiberius (Roman emperor, 14-37 AD) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 14 CE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 37 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.30 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | as
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StandardStandard.: |
Image
RQEM_ad_13.png "Paris, BnF, Fonds général 696 (https" has not been listed as valid URI scheme.[Paris, BnF, Fonds général 696 (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8590447k)]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Papaefthymiou 20021Papaefthymiou 2002, p. 43-48, no. 1-31. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 4 | 33.33 | 4 | 7.41 | 3, 7, 8, 10 |
| 2 | 2 | 16.67 | 4 | 7.41 | 6, 11 |
| 3 | 2 | 16.67 | 6 | 11.11 | 2, 9 |
| 8 | 1 | 8.33 | 8 | 14.81 | 4 |
| 12 | 1 | 8.33 | 12 | 22.22 | 12 |
| Total | 10 of 12 | 83.33 | 34 of 54 | 62.96 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 12 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 4 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 28 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 54 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 4.5 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.93 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.33 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 13.61 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 272,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 15.43 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00020 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 92.59% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 7,935.34 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 19,838.35 |
Remarks
The coinage of Tiberius is divided in 2 series, divided each in groups. The series A is dated 14 AD or soon after and the series B is not dated. The average weight is approximate: 8,46 for the series A and 8,08 for the series B. Metrology p. 189-209.
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References
- ^ E. Papaefthymiou, Edessa de Macédoine. Etude historique et numismatique, Athens, 2002
