RQEM ad. 11 - Edessa (Macedon) (Augustus), bronze, asses (27 BCE-14 CE)

27 BCE - 14 CE Bronze

Description

Obverse:	Καίσαρ Σεβαστός (Greek).Head of Augustus right, wearing laurel wreath. Border of dots.
Reverse:	᾽Εδεσσαίων (Greek).Ethnic within berries and laurel wreath. Border of dots.

Mint and issuing power

Mint:

Edessa

Ancient region:

Macedon

Modern country: Greece

Authority:

Augustus (Roman emperor, 27 BC-14 AD), Roman Empire

Chronology

From

27 BCE

to

14 CE

Period: Roman ^{from 30 BC}

Physical description

Metal:

Bronze

Median weight in grams

8.50

Denomination:

as

Standard:

Image

]]RQEM_ad_11.png "Paris, BnF, 1982.116 (https" has not been listed as valid URI scheme.[Paris, BnF, 1982.116 (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8590443x)]

References

Die study reference:	"[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Papaefthymiou 2002, p. 39-42, no. 2-25.
Coin series reference:
Coin series web reference:	https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/1/1519 https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/1/1520

Obverse dies distribution

Frequency ^ᵖ	Number of obverses ^ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coins (n)	% (n)	Die name
1	4	36.36	4	9.76	3, 5, 11, 12
3	2	18.18	6	14.63	4, 9
4	3	27.27	12	29.27	6, 7, 8
5	1	9.09	5	12.2	2
14	1	9.09	14	34.15	10
Total	11 of 11	99.99	41 of 41	100.01

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obverses ^ᵖ (o)	11	Number of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	4
Number of reverse dies (r)	20	Number of coins (n)	41
Coins per obverse die (n/o)	3.73	Coins per reverse die (n/r)	2.05
Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o)	1.82	Percentage of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	36.36 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ^ᵖ	13.05	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ^ᵖ	261,000
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ^ᵖ (O)	15.03	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ^ᵖ	0.00016
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ^ᵖ (o = % of O)	90.24%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ^ᵖ	6,283.52
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ^ᵖ	n.a.	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ^ᵖ	15,708.81

Remarks

The coinage of Augustus is divided in 2 groups and 3 issues: the as correspond to group B divided in issues 2 and 3. The 2nd issue is dated 16 BC-14 AD and the 3rd is not dated. In the denominations table, p. 196, it is written that there is a double assarion (8,37 g, 25 mm) for Augustus. It is perhaps the coin no. 4 in the catalogue which is described as the same denomination than the others p. 40 because of the diameter of the border of dots: here, it is with the as. Metrology p. 189-209.

References

^ E. Papaefthymiou, Edessa de Macédoine. Etude historique et numismatique, Athens, 2002