Populonia, silver, didrachms (Heracles/club) (300-250 BCE)
From SILVER
300 BCE - 250 BCE Silver 318 kg
Description
| Obverse: | Head of youthful Herakles facing, wearing lion skin headdress |
| Reverse: | Club |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Populonia | Ancient region: | Etruria | Modern country: Italy | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 300 BCE | to | 250 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 8.40 | Denomination: | didrachm
|
Standard: |
Image
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References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Vecchi 1990, p. 23-24, "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Vecchi 2012, p. 202-208, "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3Giannoni 2017, "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4Giannoni 2018, p. 5 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]5Sear I, n° 276, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]6HN Italy, n° 155-156, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]7HGC 1, n) 116 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 53 | 1 | 50 | 53 | 28.49 | Db |
| 133 | 1 | 50 | 133 | 71.51 | Da |
| Total | 2 of 2 | 100 | 186 of 186 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 2 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 2 | Number of coins (n) | 186 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 93 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 93 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 1.89 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 37,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 2.02 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00492 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 196,825.4 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 318 kg <br /> 318 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 492,063.49 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Vecchi, Italo (1990), "The Coinage of the Rasna. A Study in Etruscan Numismatics. Part II: Populonia's didenarii", Schweizerische numismatische Rundschau, 69, p. 5-25.
- ^ Vecchi, Italo (2012), Etruscan coinage: a corpus of the struck coinage of the Rasna, together with an historical and economic commentary on the issues (gold, silver and bronze), Milan, Ennerre, 590 p. (135 pl.).
- ^ Giannoni, Luciano (2017), "Le didrachme populoniesi con il volto di Hercle: alcune considerazioni statistische", Panorama Numismatico, 331, p. 39-45
- ^ Giannoni, Luciano (2018), Schede quantitative delle emissioni monetali etrusche, unpublished manuscript, s.l., 13 p.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2018), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 1. Handbook of Coins of Italy and Magna Graecia, Sixth to First Centuries BC., Lancaster-London, 2018, lxi, 527 pages, 23 cm
