Phaestus, silver, staters (Heracles/bull) (350-300 BCE)
From SILVER
350 BCE - 300 BCE Silver 4,403 kg
Description
| Obverse: | ΦAIΣTIΩN (Greek).Heracles seated l. atop lion's skin draped over rock, head slightly r., club resting against l. leg, before him, tree upon which is hung his bow and quiver, behind, large amphora. |
| Reverse: | ΦAIΣ (Greek).Bull butting l., all within wreath |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Phaestus | Ancient region: | Crete | Modern country: Crete | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 350 BCE | to | 300 BCE | Period: Classical 480-323 BC  , Hellenistic 323-30 BC
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 11.90 | Denomination: | stater
|
Standard: |
Image
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References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Carbone 2022, p. 74 (Group F)-104 (Group P) | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 3198-3200, 3203-3204 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 1 | 5.26 | 1 | 0.26 | 21 |
| 4 | 1 | 5.26 | 4 | 1.05 | 38 |
| 6 | 2 | 10.53 | 12 | 3.14 | 9, 37 |
| 10 | 1 | 5.26 | 10 | 2.62 | 32 |
| 12 | 1 | 5.26 | 12 | 3.14 | 13 |
| 15 | 2 | 10.53 | 30 | 7.85 | 16, 33 |
| 16 | 2 | 10.53 | 32 | 8.38 | 14, 31 |
| 18 | 1 | 5.26 | 18 | 4.71 | 43 |
| 21 | 2 | 10.53 | 42 | 10.99 | 19, 20 |
| 22 | 1 | 5.26 | 22 | 5.76 | 12 |
| 29 | 1 | 5.26 | 29 | 7.59 | 11 |
| 32 | 1 | 5.26 | 32 | 8.38 | 10 |
| 34 | 1 | 5.26 | 34 | 8.9 | 18 |
| 38 | 1 | 5.26 | 38 | 9.95 | 17 |
| 66 | 1 | 5.26 | 66 | 17.28 | 15 |
| Total | 19 of 19 | 99.98 | 382 of 382 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 19 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 1 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | Number of coins (n) | 382 | |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 20.11 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 5.26 % | |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 18.5 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 370,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 19.99 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00103 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 99.74% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 41,297.3 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 4,403 kg <br /> 4,403 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 103,243.24 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation There is a great variety of obverse types
