Lugdunum (Postumus), gold, quinarii (260-269 CE)
From SILVER
260 CE - 269 CE Gold 8,571 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | POSTVMV - S AVG (Latin).Laureate head l. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Various legends. Here: P M TR P – IIII COS III P P (Latin).Various types. Here: Mars walking r., holding spear in r. hand and trophy on l. shoulder |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Lugdunum | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Gallia | Modern countryModern country: France | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Empire, Postumus (260-269 CE) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 260 CE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 269 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 2.20 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | quinarius | StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Schulte 1983, p. 120-125, n° 1-14 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 7 | 58.33 | 7 | 29.17 | 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10 |
| 2 | 2 | 16.67 | 4 | 16.67 | 8, 9 |
| 3 | 1 | 8.33 | 3 | 12.5 | 12 |
| 4 | 1 | 8.33 | 4 | 16.67 | 3 |
| 6 | 1 | 8.33 | 6 | 25 | 11 |
| Total | 12 of 12 | 99.99 | 24 of 24 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 12 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 7 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 8 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 24 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 3 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 0.67 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 58.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 19.48 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 389,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 24 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00006 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 70.83% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,464.07 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 8,571 kg <br /> 8,571 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 6,160.16 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Certainly military weights are extremely loosely calibrated
References
- ^ Schulte, Bernhard (1983), Die Goldprägung der gallischen Kaiser von Postumus bis Tetricus, Typos. Monographien zur antiken Numismatik, IV, Aarau, Verlag Sauerländer, 189 p., 28 pl.
