Locri Epizephyrii? (Brettii), silver, hemidrachms (Athena/eagle) (211/10-203 BCE)
From SILVER
211 BCE - 203 BCE Silver 135 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Helmeted head of Athena right, helmet decorated with griffin, small owl left, border of dots |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | BPETTIΩN (Greek).Eagle standing left on thunderbolt with wings spread, rudder behind, border of dots |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Locri Epizephyrii | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bruttium | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | The Bruttians |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 211 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 203 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 2.35 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | hemidrachm
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StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Arslan 1989 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2RQEMH, n° 13, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3SNG ANS 3 Bruttium-Sicily, n° 27, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4HN Italy, n° 1971-1974 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 21 | 1 | 33.33 | 21 | 18.58 | 87 |
| 22 | 1 | 33.33 | 22 | 19.47 | 86 |
| 70 | 1 | 33.33 | 70 | 61.95 | 85 |
| Total | 3 of 3 | 99.99 | 113 of 113 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 3 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 3 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 113 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 37.67 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 37.67 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 2.87 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 57,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 3.08 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00197 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 78,745.64 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 135 kg <br /> 135 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 196,864.11 |
Remarks
Likely military
References
- ^ Arslan, Ermanno A. (1989), Monetazione aurea ed argentea dei Brettii, Glaux 4, Milan.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Troxell, Hyla A. (1975), Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum ANS 3. The Collection of the American Numismatic Society. Sicily 3 (Bruttium-Sicily I: Abacaenum-Eryx), New-York, pl. 38.
- ^ Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.
