Cologne (Tetricus I), gold, aurei (271-274 CE)
From SILVER
271 CE - 274 CE Gold 70,171 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Various legends. Here: IMP C G P ESV TETRICVS AVG (Latin).Various types. Here: Laureate and cuirassed bust l. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Various legends. Here: LEG XXX VLP VICT P F (Latin).Various types. Here: Tetricus, holding globe and sceptre, standing l., crowned by Victory, holding wreath and palm branch, in l. field, bound captive seated l. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Cologne | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Gallia | Modern countryModern country: | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Empire, Tetricus I (271-274 CE) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 271 CE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 274 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | aureus | StandardStandard.: |
Image
Tetricus aurei.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Schulte 19831Schulte 1983, p. 146-167, n° 1-73 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | RIC 52RIC 5 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 29 | 58 | 29 | 32.58 | 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 15, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 30, 31, 32, 34, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50 |
| 2 | 12 | 24 | 24 | 26.97 | 4, 5, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20, 28, 29, 38 |
| 3 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 16.85 | 11, 19, 33, 35, 48 |
| 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4.49 | 26 |
| 5 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 11.24 | 7, 12 |
| 7 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 7.87 | 17 |
| Total | 50 of 50 | 100 | 89 of 89 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 50 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 29 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 53 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 89 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.78 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.68 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.06 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 58 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 92.33 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,846,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 114.1 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00005 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 67.42% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 1,927.87 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 70,171 kg <br /> 70,171 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 4,819.67 |
Remarks
Most likely two workstations Certainly military
