Cologne (Laelianus), silver, antoniniani (Laelianus/standing Victory) (269 AD)
From SILVER
269 CE - 269 CE Silver 4,162 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | IMP C LAELIANVS P F AVG (Latin).Bust of Laelianus, radiate, cuirassed, right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | VICTORIA AVG (Latin).Victory, winged, draped, walking left, holding wreath in right hand and palm in left hand |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Cologne | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Germania | Modern countryModern country: | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Empire |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 269 CE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 269 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | antoninianus | StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Gilljam 1990 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 54 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 54 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 418 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 7.74 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 7.74 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 56.24 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,124,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 62.01 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00037 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 14,864.86 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 4,162 kg <br /> 4,162 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 37,162.16 |
Remarks
Likely military
References
- ^ Gilljam 1990
