Byzantium, gold, staters (Alexander/seated Athena) (120-72 BCE)
From SILVER
120 BCE - 72 BCE Gold 27,989 kg
Description
| Obverse: | Diademed head of Alexander right |
| Reverse: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΛΥΣΙMΑΧΟΥ (Greek).Athena enthroned left, supporting Nike on extended right hand and resting left elbow on shield propped against throne |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Byzantium | Ancient region: | Thrace | Modern country: Turkey | Authority: | Lysimachus (Macedonian officer, diadochus and king, c. 360-281 BC) |
Chronology
| From | 120 BCE | to | 72 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Gold
|
Median weight in grams | 8.35 | Denomination: | stater
|
Standard: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Callataÿ 1997a, p. 142-143 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 1590, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMH, n° 73, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4HGC 3.2, n° 1384-1385 | ||
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 8 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 4 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 12 | Number of coins (n) | 13 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 1.63 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 1.08 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.5 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 50 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 16.76 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 335,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 20.8 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00004 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 69.23% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 1,551.31 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 27,989 kg <br /> 27,989 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 3,878.28 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Certainly military
References
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), L'histoire des guerres mithridatiques vue par les monnaies, Numismatica Lovaniensia 18, Louvain-la-Neuve, XIII + 481 p. et 54 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2017), Handbook of Coins of Macedon and Its Neighbors. 3. Part 2: Thrace, Skythia, and Taurike, Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, xix, 232 p.
