Vibo Valentia, bronze, sextantes, ca 1.6g (Apollo/lyre) (193-50 BCE)
From SILVER
192 BCE - 189 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Laureate head of Apollo r., two pellets behind |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | VALENTIA (Latin).Lyre, two pellets r. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Vibo Valentia | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bruttium | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Republic |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 192 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 189 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 1.60 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | sextans
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Taliercio Mensitieri 1989 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 664, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMH, n° 20, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4SNG ANS 3 Bruttium-Sicily, n° 485, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]5HN Italy, n° 2266 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 2 | 1 | 5.88 | 2 | 1.94 | 22 |
| 3 | 1 | 5.88 | 3 | 2.91 | 36 |
| 8 | 1 | 5.88 | 8 | 7.77 | 62 |
| 10 | 1 | 5.88 | 10 | 9.71 | 18 |
| 13 | 1 | 5.88 | 13 | 12.62 | 19 |
| 1 | 4 | 23.53 | 4 | 3.88 | 21, 92, 101, 138 |
| 4 | 3 | 17.65 | 12 | 11.65 | 81, 116, 168 |
| 5 | 3 | 17.65 | 15 | 14.56 | 17, 37, 38 |
| 18 | 2 | 11.76 | 36 | 34.95 | 20, 72 |
| Total | 17 of 17 | 99.99 | 103 of 103 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 17 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 4 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 20 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 103 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 6.06 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 5.15 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.18 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 23.53 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 18.28 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 365,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 20.36 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00028 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 96.12% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 11,269.15 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 28,172.87 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Taliercio Mensitieri, Marina (1989), La monetazione di Valentia, Rome, 132 p. and 23 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Troxell, Hyla A. (1975), Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum ANS 3. The Collection of the American Numismatic Society. Sicily 3 (Bruttium-Sicily I: Abacaenum-Eryx), New-York, pl. 38.
- ^ Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.
