Tralles, silver, half cistophori (105-60 BCE) Carbone
From SILVER
105 BCE - 60 BCE Silver 3,947 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Lion's skin draped over club, all within ivy wreath |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | TPAΛ (Greek).Grape bunch on vine, TPA to left, to right, eagle standing left on cuirass |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Tralles | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Lydia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Republic |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 105 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 60 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 6.20 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | half cistophorus | StandardStandard.: | Cistophoric |
Image
H237 Tralles half cistophori.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Carbone 20201Carbone 2020, p. 143-145 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 4748, RQEMH3RQEMH, n° 237 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 9 | 45 | 9 | 21.95 | 2, 5, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 19, 20 |
| 2 | 6 | 30 | 12 | 29.27 | 3, 4, 10, 14, 16, 17 |
| 3 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 14.63 | 6, 9 |
| 4 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 9.76 | 1 |
| 5 | 2 | 10 | 10 | 24.39 | 15, 18 |
| Total | 20 of 20 | 100 | 41 of 41 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 20 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 9 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 22 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 41 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.05 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.86 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.1 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 45 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 31.83 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 636,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 39.05 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00006 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 78.05% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,576.19 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 3,947 kg <br /> 3,947 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 6,440.46 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military
References
- ^ Carbone, Lucia Francesca (2020), Hidden Power. Late Cistophoric Production and the Organization of Provincia Asia (128-89 BC), Numismatic Studies 42, New York, 266 p., 140 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
