Tiberias (Herod Antipas), bronze, As (1/2) (wreath/palm) (20-21 CE)
From SILVER
20 CE - 21 CE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | TIBEPIAC (Greek).Mint in two lines within wreath |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | HPWΔOY TETPAPXOY (Greek).Palm frond, L KΔ (date) flanking |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Tiberias | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Judaea | Modern countryModern country: Israel | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Herod Antipas (tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, 4 BC-39 AD), Tiberius (Roman emperor, 14-37 AD) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 20 CE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 21 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 6.00 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | As (1/2) | StandardStandard.: |
Image
Tiberias_Fontanille.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Kogon - Fontanille 20181Kogon - Fontanille 2018 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Kogon - Fontanille 20181Kogon - Fontanille 2018, RPC I2RPC I, n° 4919 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 76 | 1 | 100 | 76 | 100 | 1 |
| Total | 1 of 1 | 100 | 76 of 76 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 1 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 0 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 13 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 76 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 76 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 5.85 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 13 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 0 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 0.95 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 19,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 1.01 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00400 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 100% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 160,000 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 400,000 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- a b Kogon, Aaron, J. - Fontanille, Jean-Philippe, The Coinage of Herod Antipas : A Study and Die Classification of the Earliest Coins of Galilee, Ancient Judaism and early Christianity, volume 102, Leiden, 2018, xiii, 123 pages : illustrations, map ; 30 cm..
- ^ Amandry, Michel - Burnett, Andrew - Ripolles, Pere Pau (1998), Roman provincial coinage. I. From the death of Caesar to the death of Vitellius (44 BC-AC 69), London-Paris, 2 vol., xvii + 812 p., 195 pl.
