Thurium, silver, distaters (400-281 BCE)
From SILVER
400 BCE - 281 BCE Silver 22,994 kg
Description
| Obverse: | Head of Athena right (sometimes left), wearing crested Attic helmet with Scylla. |
| Reverse: | ΘOYPIΩN (Greek).Bull charging to right, fish to right in exergue |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Thurium | Ancient region: | Lucania | Modern country: Italy | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 400 BCE | to | 281 BCE | Period: Classical 480-323 BC  , Hellenistic 323-30 BC
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 15.70 | Denomination: | distater
|
Standard: |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Noe 1935 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 445-446, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMAC, n° 9, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4HN Italy, n° 1803-1805, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]5HGC 1, n° 1254-57 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 18 | 27.69 | 18 | 5.96 | A2, H12, H14, H22, J10, J12, J14, J18, J22, J30, J32, J34, M2, M4, M6, M16, N14, N16 |
| 2 | 10 | 15.38 | 20 | 6.62 | F32, F46, H2, H26, J6, J16, J20, J28, K14, M8 |
| 3 | 10 | 15.38 | 30 | 9.93 | B6, D14, H4, H6, J24, K8, K12, L8, M10, N6 |
| 4 | 3 | 4.62 | 12 | 3.97 | B8, C2, L4 |
| 5 | 2 | 3.08 | 10 | 3.31 | C4, J2 |
| 6 | 8 | 12.31 | 48 | 15.89 | F12, F38, H8, J26, K2, K4, K18, M14 |
| 7 | 4 | 6.15 | 28 | 9.27 | F28, F36, H24, N10 |
| 9 | 2 | 3.08 | 18 | 5.96 | D2, L2 |
| 10 | 1 | 1.54 | 10 | 3.31 | D8 |
| 11 | 2 | 3.08 | 22 | 7.28 | C6, H16 |
| 14 | 1 | 1.54 | 14 | 4.64 | G2 |
| 15 | 1 | 1.54 | 15 | 4.97 | H28 |
| 17 | 1 | 1.54 | 17 | 5.63 | F4 |
| 18 | 1 | 1.54 | 18 | 5.96 | B2 |
| 22 | 1 | 1.54 | 22 | 7.28 | F16 |
| Total | 65 of 65 | 100.01 | 302 of 302 | 99.98 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 65 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 18 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | Number of coins (n) | 302 | |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 4.65 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 27.69 % | |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 73.23 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 1,464,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 82.83 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00021 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 94.04% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 8,247.99 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 22,994 kg <br /> 22,994 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 20,619.96 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Noe, Sydney P. (1935), The Thurian di-staters, Numismatic Notes and Monographs, 71, New York.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
- ^ Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2018), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 1. Handbook of Coins of Italy and Magna Graecia, Sixth to First Centuries BC., Lancaster-London, 2018, lxi, 527 pages, 23 cm
