Thessalonica (Roman Republic), bronze, ca 10.5g (Roma/ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΕΩΝ) (140-125 BCE)
From SILVER
140 BCE - 125 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Rome right, wearing winged helmet. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΕΩΝ (Greek).Legend, 1 or 2 monogram(s) (star or ear of grain ) within a oak wreath. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Thessalonica | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Republic |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 140 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 125 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
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Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 10.50 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Kourempanas 2016, τύπος 1. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2HGC 3.1, n° 720 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 7 | 46.67 | 7 | 13.73 | E2 (issue 2), E4 (issue 2), E5 (issue 2), E1 (issue 3), E3 (issue 3), E5 (issue 3) |
| 2 | 3 | 20 | 6 | 11.76 | E1 (issue 1), E1 (issue 2), E4 (issue 3) |
| 3 | 1 | 6.67 | 3 | 5.88 | E2 (issue 1) |
| 4 | 1 | 6.67 | 4 | 7.84 | E3 (issue 2) |
| 7 | 1 | 6.67 | 7 | 13.73 | E2 (issue 3) |
| 12 | 2 | 13.33 | 24 | 47.06 | E1 (issue 4), E2 (issue 3) |
| Total | 15 of 15 | 100.01 | 51 of 51 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 15 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 7 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 27 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 51 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.4 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.89 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.8 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 46.67 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 18.27 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 365,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 21.25 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00014 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 86.27% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 5,582.92 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 13,957.31 |
Remarks
