Thermae Himerenses (Carthaginian empire), silver, tetradrachms (quadriga/head of nymph) (370-350 BCE)
From SILVER
370 BCE - 350 BCE Silver 1,527 kg
Description
| Obverse: | ΘΕΡΜΙΤΑΝ (Greek).Charioteer driving quadriga left, Nike flying above, horned altar in exergue |
| Reverse: | Head of nymph left, hair in sakkos, three dolphins around |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Thermae Himerenses | Ancient region: | Sicily | Modern country: Italy | Authority: | Carthaginian Empire |
Chronology
| From | 370 BCE | to | 350 BCE | Period: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 17.20 | Denomination: | tetradrachm
|
Standard: | Attic |
Image
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References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Jenkins 1971, p. 72, n° 1-6 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2HGC 2, n° 1612 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 2 | 2 | 50 | 4 | 20 | 3, 4 |
| 7 | 1 | 25 | 7 | 35 | 1 |
| 9 | 1 | 25 | 9 | 45 | 2 |
| Total | 4 of 4 | 100 | 20 of 20 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 4 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 0 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 5 | Number of coins (n) | 20 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 5 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 4 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.25 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 0 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 4.44 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 88,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 5 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00023 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 100% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 9,009.01 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 1,527 kg <br /> 1,527 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 22,522.52 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military
References
- ^ Jenkins, Gilbert Kenneth (1971), "Coins of Punic Sicily. Part 1", Revue Suisse de Numismatique, 50, p. 25-78, pl. 1-24.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 2. Handbook of the Coins of Sicily (Including Lipara). Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues. Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, 489 p.
