Tarsus (Tarkumuwa), silver, double sigloi (facing female head/Ares) (373-368 BCE)
From SILVER
373 BCE - 368 BCE Silver 29,282 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Female head (Arethusa?) in three-quarter view, wearing a tiara, hair flowing, adorned with earrings and a necklace. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | TDNM (ie. Tarkumuwa) (Aramaic).Bearded head right (Ares), wearing crested Attic helmet, drapery around neck, to right |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Tarsus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Cilicia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Persian Empire, Tarkumuwa (Datames), satrap of Cilicia |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 373 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 368 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 10.50 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | double siglos
|
StandardStandard.: | Persian |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Moysey 1986 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2RQEMAC, n° 276 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 70 | 66.04 | 70 | 23.65 | 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 96, 99, 100, 101, 104, 106 |
| 2 | 14 | 13.21 | 28 | 9.46 | 14, 15, 30, 32, 33, 48, 58, 69, 70, 71, 72, 95, 103, 105 |
| 3 | 4 | 3.77 | 12 | 4.05 | 74, 94, 98, 1907 |
| 4 | 5 | 4.72 | 20 | 6.76 | 4, 29, 57, 67, 97 |
| 5 | 4 | 3.77 | 20 | 6.76 | 3, 31, 68, 102 |
| 6 | 1 | 0.94 | 6 | 2.03 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 0.94 | 7 | 2.36 | 47 |
| 8 | 1 | 0.94 | 8 | 2.7 | 93 |
| 10 | 1 | 0.94 | 10 | 3.38 | 66 |
| 26 | 1 | 0.94 | 26 | 8.78 | 10 |
| 27 | 1 | 0.94 | 27 | 9.12 | 12 |
| 44 | 1 | 0.94 | 44 | 14.86 | 13 |
| 9 | 2 | 1.89 | 18 | 6.08 | 93 |
| Total | 106 of 106 | 99.98 | 296 of 296 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 106 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 70 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 202 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 296 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.79 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.47 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.91 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 66.04 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 139.44 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,788,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 165.14 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00011 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 76.35% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 4,245.55 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 29,282 kg <br /> 29,282 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 10,613.88 |
Remarks
Certainly military
References
- ^ Moysey, Robert A. (1986), "The Silver Issues of Pharnabazos and Datames from the Mint of Tarsus in Cilicia", American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, 31, p. 7-61, pl. 1-5.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
