Taras, silver, didrachms (325-281 BCE)
From SILVER
325 BC - 281 BCE Silver 17,754 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | (various types) Single Dioskuros wearing chlamys riding horse to right while crowning horse's head, monogram to left |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | TAPAΣ (Greek).(various types) Taras holding shield astride dolphin left |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Taras | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Calabria | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 325 BC | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 281 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 7.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | didrachm
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Fischer-Bossert 1999, groups 63-82 (varieties 792-1141 : O310-425 et O614-883) | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 363-365, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HN Italy, n° 933-939 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 5 | 4.31 | 5 | 328;331;373;397;423 | |
| 2 | 12 | 10.34 | 24 | 312;326;334;346;350;352;367;369;371;376;380;395 | |
| 3 | 5 | 4.31 | 15 | 315;316;320;407;425 | |
| 4 | 3 | 2.59 | 12 | 339;381;420 | |
| 5 | 4 | 3.45 | 20 | 325;362;422;424 | |
| 6 | 5 | 4.31 | 30 | 314;318;323;364;396 | |
| 7 | 3 | 2.59 | 21 | 330;354;408 | |
| 8 | 4 | 3.45 | 32 | 363;384;417;419 | |
| 9 | 3 | 2.59 | 27 | 351;372;V377 | |
| 10 | 4 | 3.45 | 40 | 311;341;398;413 | |
| 11 | 2 | 1.72 | 22 | 322;374 | |
| 12 | 3 | 2.59 | 36 | 310;366;392 | |
| 13 | 2 | 1.72 | 26 | 329;333 | |
| 14 | 2 | 1.72 | 28 | 386;421 | |
| 15 | 5 | 4.31 | 75 | 313;345;359;370;379 | |
| 16 | 7 | 6.03 | 112 | 332;344;348;355;365;399;418 | |
| 17 | 6 | 5.17 | 102 | 321;327;338;340;387;390 | |
| 18 | 3 | 2.59 | 54 | 368;402;404 | |
| 19 | 1 | 0.86 | 19 | 416 | |
| 20 | 1 | 0.86 | 20 | 383 | |
| 21 | 2 | 1.72 | 42 | 317;414 | |
| 23 | 3 | 2.59 | 69 | 358;360;415 | |
| 24 | 3 | 2.59 | 72 | 324;349;389 | |
| 25 | 4 | 3.45 | 100 | 353;391;400;403 | |
| 26 | 2 | 1.72 | 52 | 337;342 | |
| 27 | 2 | 1.72 | 54 | 361;394 | |
| 28 | 1 | 0.86 | 28 | 375 | |
| 29 | 1 | 0.86 | 29 | 385 | |
| 30 | 2 | 1.72 | 60 | 401;405 | |
| 32 | 1 | 0.86 | 32 | 382 | |
| 33 | 2 | 1.72 | 66 | 388;409 | |
| 34 | 2 | 1.72 | 68 | 356;357 | |
| 36 | 1 | 0.86 | 36 | 343 | |
| 44 | 1 | 0.86 | 44 | 393 | |
| 45 | 1 | 0.86 | 45 | 319 | |
| 48 | 1 | 0.86 | 48 | 412 | |
| 49 | 1 | 0.86 | 49 | 336 | |
| 50 | 1 | 0.86 | 50 | 378 | |
| 54 | 1 | 0.86 | 54 | 410 | |
| 56 | 1 | 0.86 | 56 | 406 | |
| 57 | 1 | 0.86 | 57 | 335 | |
| 59 | 1 | 0.86 | 59 | 411 | |
| 77 | 1 | 0.86 | 77 | 347 | |
| Total | 116 of 116 | 99.95 | 1967 of 1,967 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 116 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 270 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 1967 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 16.96 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 7.29 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.33 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 113.81 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,276,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 123.27 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00086 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 34,566.38 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 17,754 kg <br /> 17,754 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 86,415.96 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military
References
- ^ Fischer-Bossert, Wolfgang (1999), Chronologie der Didrachmenprägung von Tarent, 510-280 v. Chr., Berlin, De Gruyter, xvii, 495 p., [84] pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.
