Taras, gold, tetrobols or trites (Athena/biga) (276-272 BCE)
From SILVER
276 BCE - 272 BCE Gold 1,733 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Athena to r., wearing Corinthian helmet decorated with serpent. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | TAPAΣ (Greek).Phalanthos, holding ornamental trident, driving biga to r., star above, dolphin below |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Taras | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Calabria | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 276 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 272 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 2.85 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetrobol , trite
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
S 848 - Taras, gold, tetrobol or trite, 276-272 BC.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Fischer-Bossert 19991Fischer-Bossert 1999, p. 372-373, G65-68. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | HN Italy2HN Italy, n° 956 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 6 | 1 | 33.33 | 6 | 19.35 | 53 |
| 10 | 1 | 33.33 | 10 | 32.26 | 55 |
| 15 | 1 | 33.33 | 15 | 48.39 | 54 |
| Total | 3 of 3 | 99.99 | 31 of 31 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | % (r) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 3 | 2 | 50 | 6 | 19.35 | 65;66 |
| 10 | 1 | 25 | 10 | 32.26 | 68 |
| 15 | 1 | 25 | 15 | 48.39 | 67 |
| Total | 4 of 4 | 100 | 31 of 31 | 100 |
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 3 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 4 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 31 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 10.33 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 7.75 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.33 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 3.04 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 60,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 3.32 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00051 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 20,394.74 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,733 kg <br /> 1,733 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 50,986.84 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military
