Syracuse (Hieronymus), bronze, ca 8.3g (Hieronymus/thunderbolt) (215-214 BCE)
From SILVER
215 BCE - 214 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed head of Hieronymus left |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ IEPΩNYMOY (Greek).Winged thunderbolt |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Syracuse | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Sicily | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Hieronymus of Syracuse (tyrant of Syracuse, 215-214 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 215 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 214 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.30 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Holloway 1969 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 1224, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMH, n° 51 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 2 | 11.11 | 2 | 1.6 | 43, 44 |
| 2 | 1 | 5.56 | 2 | 1.6 | 31 |
| 3 | 2 | 11.11 | 6 | 4.8 | 33, 40 |
| 4 | 1 | 5.56 | 4 | 3.2 | 41 |
| 5 | 2 | 11.11 | 10 | 8 | 42, 46 |
| 6 | 2 | 11.11 | 12 | 9.6 | 34, 37 |
| 7 | 3 | 16.67 | 21 | 16.8 | 35, 36, 38 |
| 8 | 1 | 5.56 | 8 | 6.4 | 32 |
| 10 | 2 | 11.11 | 20 | 16 | 37, 39 |
| 17 | 1 | 5.56 | 17 | 13.6 | 45 |
| 23 | 1 | 5.56 | 23 | 18.4 | 30 |
| Total | 18 of 18 | 100.02 | 125 of 125 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 18 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 2 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 125 | |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 6.94 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 11.11 % | |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 19 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 380,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 21.03 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00033 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 98.4% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 13,157.89 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 32,894.74 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Holloway, Ross R. (1969), The Thirteen-Months Coinage of Hieronymos of Syracuse, AMUGS, III, Berlin, 47 p., 12 pl., 27.5 cm
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
