Syracuse (Hieronymos), silver, 10 litrai (Hieronymos/thunderbolt) (215-214 BCE)
From SILVER
215 BCE - 214 BCE Silver 2,156 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed head left |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ IEPΩNYMOY (Greek).Winged thunderbolt, ΦI above |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Syracuse | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Sicily | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Hieronymus of Syracuse (tyrant of Syracuse, 215-214 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 215 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 214 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.43 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | 10 litrai
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Holloway 1969 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 994, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMH, n° 49, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4HGC 2, n° 1567 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 1 | 7.69 | 1 | 0.48 | 18 |
| 2 | 2 | 15.38 | 4 | 1.92 | 13;22 |
| 3 | 1 | 7.69 | 3 | 1.44 | 29 |
| 4 | 1 | 7.69 | 4 | 1.92 | 14 |
| 6 | 1 | 7.69 | 6 | 2.88 | 24 |
| 11 | 1 | 7.69 | 11 | 5.29 | 17 |
| 17 | 1 | 7.69 | 17 | 8.17 | 11 |
| 19 | 1 | 7.69 | 19 | 9.13 | 12 |
| 21 | 1 | 7.69 | 21 | 10.1 | 5 |
| 22 | 1 | 7.69 | 22 | 10.58 | 27 |
| 25 | 1 | 7.69 | 25 | 12.02 | 6 |
| 75 | 1 | 7.69 | 75 | 36.06 | 21 |
| Total | 13 of 13 | 99.97 | 208 of 208 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 13 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 1 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 33 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 208 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 16 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 6.3 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.54 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 7.69 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 12.79 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 255,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 13.87 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00081 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 99.52% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 32,525.41 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 2,156 kg <br /> 2,156 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 81,313.53 |
Remarks
Most likely more than 2 workstations Likely military
References
- ^ Holloway, Ross R. (1969), The Thirteen-Months Coinage of Hieronymos of Syracuse, AMUGS, III, Berlin, 47 p., 12 pl., 27.5 cm
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 2. Handbook of the Coins of Sicily (Including Lipara). Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues. Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, 489 p.
