Syracuse (Democracy), silver, 16 litrai (Zeus/Nike driving quadriga) (214-212 BCE)
From SILVER
214 BCE - 212 BCE Silver 949 kg
Description
| Obverse: | Laureate head of Zeus l. |
| Reverse: | ΣΥΡΑΚΟΣΙΩΝ (Greek).Fast quadriga driven r. by Nike holding reins in both hands and kentron in l., below horses' forelegs, ΞI |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Syracuse | Ancient region: | Sicily | Modern country: Italy | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 214 BCE | to | 212 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 13.55 | Denomination: | 16 litrai
|
Standard: |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Burnett 1983 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 996, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMH, n° 52, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4HGC 2, n° 1411 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 1 | 33.33 | 1 | 8.33 | 3 |
| 5 | 1 | 33.33 | 5 | 41.67 | 2 |
| 6 | 1 | 33.33 | 6 | 50 | 4 |
| Total | 3 of 3 | 99.99 | 12 of 12 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 3 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 1 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 3 | Number of coins (n) | 12 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 4 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 4 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 3.5 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 70,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 4 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00017 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 91.67% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 6,857.14 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 949 kg <br /> 949 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 17,142.86 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Burnett, Andrew M. (1983), "The Enna hoard and the silver coinage of the Syracusan Democracy", Revue Suisse de Numismatique, 62, p. 5-26, pl. 1-10.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 2. Handbook of the Coins of Sicily (Including Lipara). Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues. Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, 489 p.
