Syracuse (Agathocles), silver, tetradrachms (Kore/Nike) (310-305 BCE)
From SILVER
310 BCE - 305 BCE Silver 19,692 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | ΚΟΡΑΣ (Greek).Head of Kore-persephone right, crowned with wreath of barley and reeds and wearing a single-drop earring and necklace, border of dots |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΑΓΑΘΟΚΛΕΟΣ (Greek).Nike naked to waist standing right on ground line, fixing helmet to trophy with the help of hammer and nail, in left field, triskeles, in right field, monogram |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Syracuse | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Sicily | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Agathocles of Syracuse (tyrant of Syracuse in 317-289 BC and self-styled king of Sicily in 304-289 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 310 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 305 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 17.15 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
,_silver,_tetradrachms_(305-295_BCE).jpg)
S 1520 - Syracuse (Agathocles), silver, tetradrachms (305-295 BCE).jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Riffaud 19891Riffaud 1989 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | HGC 22HGC 2, n° 1536 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 4 | 7.02 | 4 | 0.63 | 10b, 10, 35, 36 |
| 2 | 4 | 7.02 | 8 | 1.27 | 7b, 11, 20, 37 |
| 3 | 6 | 10.53 | 18 | 2.85 | 11b, 13b, 4, 7, 18, 30 |
| 4 | 4 | 7.02 | 16 | 2.54 | 9b, 23, 28, 34 |
| 5 | 2 | 3.51 | 10 | 1.58 | 31 |
| 6 | 4 | 7.02 | 24 | 3.8 | 3, 9, 17, 29 |
| 7 | 1 | 1.75 | 7 | 1.11 | 33 |
| 8 | 1 | 1.75 | 8 | 1.27 | 22 |
| 9 | 2 | 3.51 | 18 | 2.85 | 5, 25 |
| 10 | 2 | 3.51 | 20 | 3.17 | 2b, 6b |
| 11 | 3 | 5.26 | 33 | 5.23 | 12, 15, 27 |
| 12 | 6 | 10.53 | 72 | 11.41 | 5b, 8b, 14b, 2, 24, 26 |
| 13 | 4 | 7.02 | 52 | 8.24 | 1b, 13, 16, 32 |
| 14 | 1 | 1.75 | 14 | 2.22 | 6 |
| 15 | 2 | 3.51 | 30 | 4.75 | 19, 21 |
| 16 | 1 | 1.75 | 16 | 2.54 | 1 |
| 17 | 1 | 1.75 | 17 | 2.69 | 3b |
| 18 | 2 | 3.51 | 36 | 5.71 | 4a, 8 |
| 22 | 3 | 5.26 | 66 | 10.46 | 1a, 4b, 14 |
| 25 | 1 | 1.75 | 25 | 3.96 | 3a |
| 31 | 1 | 1.75 | 31 | 4.91 | 16 |
| 34 | 1 | 1.75 | 34 | 5.39 | 2a |
| 72 | 1 | 1.75 | 72 | 11.41 | 5a |
| Total | 57 of 57 | 99.98 | 631 of 631 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 57 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 4 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 116 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 631 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 11.07 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 5.44 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.04 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 7.02 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 57.41 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,148,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 62.66 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00055 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 99.37% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 21,982.23 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 19,692 kg <br /> 19,692 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 54,955.58 |
Remarks
Most likely more than 2 workstations
References
- ^ Riffaud, Jean-Paul (1989), Agathocles de Syracuse, 317-289 avant J.C. : témoignages numismatiques et historiques, Paris, Université de Paris IV-Sorbonne, U.E.R. d'histoire de l'art et d'archéologie, unpublished master thesis
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 2. Handbook of the Coins of Sicily (Including Lipara). Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues. Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, 489 p.
