Syracuse, silver, litrae (Arethusa/octopus) (466-460 BCE)
From SILVER
466 BCE - 460 BCE Silver 1,360 kg
Description
| Obverse: | ΣYPA (Greek).Head of Arethusa r., wearing earring, necklace and pearl diadem |
| Reverse: | Octopus |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Syracuse | Ancient region: | Sicily | Modern country: Italy | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 466 BCE | to | 460 BCE | Period: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 0.80 | Denomination: | litra
|
Standard: |
Image
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References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Boehringer 1929, p. 191-252, n° 415-430, 449-467, 549-551 et 729-733. | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 929, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMAC, n° 94, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4HGC 2, n° 1375 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 24 | 70.59 | 24 | 48 | 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 227, 228, 238, 239, 240, 243, 245, 246, 247, 249, 250, 251 |
| 2 | 5 | 14.71 | 10 | 20 | 237, 242, 248, 278, 362 |
| 3 | 4 | 11.76 | 12 | 24 | 226, 244, 281, 364 |
| 4 | 1 | 2.94 | 4 | 8 | 241 |
| Total | 34 of 34 | 100 | 50 of 50 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 34 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 24 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 36 | Number of coins (n) | 50 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 1.47 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 1.39 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.06 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 70.59 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 84.99 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 1,699,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 106.25 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00003 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 52% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 1,176.61 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 1,360 kg <br /> 1,360 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 2,941.52 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Boehringer, Erich (1929), Die Münzen von Syrakus, Berlin-Leipzig, vi, [2], 297 p. : ill. and portfolio of 32 pl. ; 28 cm
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 2. Handbook of the Coins of Sicily (Including Lipara). Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues. Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, 489 p.
