Syracuse, silver, decadrachms (charioteer driving quadriga/Arethusa with four dolphins) (466-465 BCE)
From SILVER
466 BCE - 465 BCE Silver 2,974 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Charioteer, wearing a long chiton and holding a kentron and the reins, driving a slow quadriga to right, Nike flies above to right to crown the horses, a lion springing to right in the exergue |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΣYPAKOΣION (Greek).Head of Arethusa facing to right, wearing an olive-wreath, a pendant earring and a necklace, her hair is waved along her forehead and bound in a krobylos which is turned over the wreath and bound at the back of her head, a long wavy lock behind her ear, a linear circle and four dolphins swimming clockwise around |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Syracuse | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Sicily | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 466 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 465 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 43.35 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | decadrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
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References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Boehringer 1929, p. 184-185, n° 374-378. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 920, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMAC, n° 89 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 2 | 1 | 33.33 | 2 | 15.38 | 192 |
| 4 | 1 | 33.33 | 4 | 30.77 | 193 |
| 7 | 1 | 33.33 | 7 | 53.85 | 191 |
| Total | 3 of 3 | 99.99 | 13 of 13 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 3 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 0 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 4 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 13 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 4.33 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 3.25 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.33 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 0 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 3.43 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 68,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 3.9 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00019 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 100% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 7,580.17 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 2,974 kg <br /> 2,974 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 18,950.44 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Boehringer, Erich (1929), Die Münzen von Syrakus, Berlin-Leipzig, vi, [2], 297 p. : ill. and portfolio of 32 pl. ; 28 cm
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
