Syracuse, bronze, unciae, ca 1.3g (Arethusa/octopus) (474-450 BCE)

Die Studies Database

SILVER ID ^ᵖ: 7765

474 BCE - 450 BCE Bronze

Description

Obverse:	Head of Arethusa to right.
Reverse:	Octopus with spread tentacles.

Mint and issuing power

Mint:

Syracuse

Ancient region:

Sicily

Modern country: Italy

Authority:

Chronology

From

474 BCE

to

450 BCE

Period: Classical 480-323 BC

Physical description

Metal:

Bronze

Median weight in grams

1.20

Denomination:

uncia

Standard:

Image

]]Syracuse_onkia_octopus.jpg [1]

References

Die study reference:	"[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Boehringer 1929, p. 228, n° 624-627.
Coin series reference:	"[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2RQEMAC, n° 93e
Coin series web reference:	https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/syracuse.puglisi 2009.295

Obverse dies distribution

Frequency ᵖ	Number of obverses ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coins (n)	% (n)	Die name
1	4	100	4	100
Total	4 of 4	100	4 of 4	100

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obverses ᵖ (o)	4	Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ	4
Number of reverse dies (r)	4	Number of coins (n)	4
Coins per obverse die (n/o)	1	Coins per reverse die (n/r)	1
Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o)	1	Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ	100 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ	235.29	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ	4,705,800
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O)		Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ	0.00000
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O)	0%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ	34
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ	n.a.	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ	85

Remarks