Side, silver, tetradrachms (Athena/ Nike KΛE-YX) (183-40 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 13229


183 BCE - 40 BCE Silver 28,934 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Head of Athena to right, wearing Corinthian helmet
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: KΛE-YX (Greek).Nike alighting to left, holding wreath in her outstretched right hand and fold of her drapery with her left, to left, pomegranate
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Side Ancient regionAncient region.: Pamphylia Modern countryModern country: Turkey AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 183 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 40 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 16.00 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: tetradrachm Nomisma.org StandardStandard.: Attic



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 15 18.75 15 4.1 30, 33, 34, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84
2 14 17.5 28 7.65 18, 25, 28, 31, 32, 35, 36, 39, 41, 43, 52, 53, 74, 78
3 14 17.5 42 11.48 4, 7, 13, 15, 19, 20, 23, 29, 40, 46, 51, 61, 71, 73
4 9 11.25 36 9.84 2, 8, 10, 26, 37, 42, 66, 74, 75
5 6 7.5 30 8.2 12, 14, 16, 27, 44, 63
6 4 5 24 6.56 6, 11, 21, 65
7 2 2.5 14 3.83 45, 68
8 5 6.25 40 10.93 1, 3, 24, 63, 77
9 3 3.75 27 7.38 9, 22, 67
10 1 1.25 10 2.73 62
11 1 1.25 11 3.01 70
12 1 1.25 12 3.28 5
14 3 3.75 42 11.48 38, 72, 76
16 1 1.25 16 4.37 17
19 1 1.25 19 5.19 69
Total 80 of 80 100 366 of 366 100.03
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 80 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  15
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 210 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 366
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 4.58 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 1.74
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 2.63 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  18.75 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  90.42 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  1,808,400
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 102.38 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00020
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 95.9% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  8,095.55
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  28,934 kg <br /> 28,934 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  20,238.89
Remarks

Most likely one single workstation Certainly military Obv. 47-50 are missing. This die study is built on a few hoards only and does not pretend to be complete

References

  1. ^  Arslan, Melih - Lighfoot, Chris (1999), Greek coins found in Turkey. The Antalya Archaeological Museum and the C.S. Okray Collection with additional material from the Burdur, Fethiye and Sinop Museums, Ankara, 46 p., 75 pl.
  2. ^  Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762