Sicily (uncertain Punic mint), silver, 5 shekels (Tanit/Pegasus) (264-260 BCE)
From SILVER
264 BCE - 260 BCE Silver 3,777 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Tanit (Kore-Persephone) l., wearing barley wreath and earring |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | b'rst in Punic characters (Punic).Pegasus flying r. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Sicily (uncertain Punic mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Sicily | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Carthaginian Empire |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 264 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 260 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 38.00 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | StandardStandard.: | dekadrachm, 5 shekels |
Image
_(Carthage),_silver,_5_shekels_(264-260_BCE).jpg)
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Jenkins 1978, p. 40-42, n° 431-452 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2HGC 2, n° 1664 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 8 | 1 | 20 | 8 | 12.12 | 5 |
| 10 | 1 | 20 | 10 | 15.15 | 3 |
| 14 | 1 | 20 | 14 | 21.21 | 1 |
| 16 | 1 | 20 | 16 | 24.24 | 4 |
| 18 | 1 | 20 | 18 | 27.27 | 2 |
| Total | 5 of 5 | 100 | 66 of 66 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 5 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 26 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 66 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 13.2 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.54 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 5.2 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 4.97 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 99,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 5.41 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00066 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 26,559.36 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 3,777 kg <br /> 3,777 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 66,398.39 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Jenkins, Gilbert Kenneth (1978), "Coins of Punic Sicily. Part 4. Carthage Series 5-6", Schweizerische numismatische Rundschau, 57, p. 5-68, pl. 1-24.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 2. Handbook of the Coins of Sicily (Including Lipara). Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues. Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, 489 p.
