Sardis (Antiochus III), silver, tetradrachms (Antiochus III/elephant) (210-203 BCE)
From SILVER
210 BCE - 203 BCE Silver 2,058 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed head of Antiochus III right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | BAΣΙΛΕΩΣ ANTIOXOY (Greek).Elephant standing right |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Sardis | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Lydia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Seleucid Dynasty (312-63 BC), Antiochus III the Great (Seleucid king, 222-187 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 210 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 203 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 16.90 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Hochard 2024, p. 74-76, n° 80-88 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2HGC 9, n° 451, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3SC I, n° 985-987, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Hochard 2024, p. 74-76, n° 80-88 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 2 | 40 | 2 | 11.76 | 53, 54 |
| 4 | 1 | 20 | 4 | 23.53 | 55 |
| 5 | 1 | 20 | 5 | 29.41 | 56 |
| 6 | 1 | 20 | 6 | 35.29 | 52 |
| Total | 5 of 5 | 100 | 17 of 17 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 5 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 2 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 11 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 17 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.4 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.55 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.2 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 40 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 6.09 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 121,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 7.08 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00014 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 88.24% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 5,582.92 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 2,058 kg <br /> 2,058 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 13,957.31 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military
References
- a b Hochard, Pierre-Olivier (2024), "L'atelier de Sardes sous les Séleucides," Revue numismatique, 181, p. 49-109.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2009), Handbook of ancient Syrian coins : royal and civic issues, fourth to first centuries BC, The Handbook of Greek Coinage 9, Lancaster, lxix, 332 p.
- ^ Houghton, Arthur - Lorber, Catharine (2002), Seleucid coins : a comprehensive catalogue. Part 1, Seleucus I through Antiochus III, New York - Lancaster - London, 2 v. (xxxviii, 488 p. + 300 p.), 101 pl.
