Sardis, bronze (7.5g) (Tyche/standing Zeus) (133-30 BCE)
From SILVER
133 BCE - 30 BCE Bronze
Description
| Obverse: | Turreted, veiled, and draped bust of Tyche right. |
| Reverse: | ΣΑΡΔΙΑΝΩΝ (Greek).Zeus Lydios standing left, holding eagle and scepter, two monograms to left. |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Sardis | Ancient region: | Lydia | Modern country: Turkey | Authority: | Roman Republic |
Chronology
| From | 133 BCE | to | 30 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Bronze
|
Median weight in grams | 7.5 | Denomination: | Standard: |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Hochard 2020, p. 358, series 4, groups 7, n° 1826. | ||
| Coin series reference: | |||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 3 | 50 | 3 | 9.09 | 39, 42, 43 |
| 2 | 1 | 16.67 | 2 | 6.06 | 44 |
| 11 | 1 | 16.67 | 11 | 33.33 | 41 |
| 17 | 1 | 16.67 | 17 | 51.52 | 40 |
| Total | 6 of 6 | 100.01 | 33 of 33 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 6 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 3 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 7 | Number of coins (n) | 33 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 5.5 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 4.71 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.17 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 50 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 6.55 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 131,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 7.33 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00025 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 90.91% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 10,076.34 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 25,190.84 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Hochard, Pierre-Olivier (2020), Lydie, terre d'empire(s): Etude de numismatique et d'histoire (228 a.C.-268 p.C.), 2 vol., Bordeaux, 2020, 1325 p.
