Salamis (Alexander the Great), gold, staters (Athena/Nike) (330-320 BCE)
From SILVER
330 BCE - 320 BCE Gold 40,214 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Athena to right, wearing triple-crested Corinthian helmet decorated with coiled serpent, pendant earring and necklace |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | AΛΕΧΑΝΔΡΟΥ (Greek).Nike standing to left, holding wreath and stylis, ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ in right field, eagle in left field |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Salamis | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Cyprus | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Macedonian kingdom, Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 330 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 320 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.60 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | stater
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Troxell 1999 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Price 1991, n° 3125-3167 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: |
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Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 3 | 15 | 3 | 3.8 | 1, 9, 11 |
| 2 | 6 | 30 | 12 | 15.19 | 6, 8, 10, 14, 16, 17 |
| 3 | 3 | 15 | 9 | 11.39 | 3, 18, 20 |
| 4 | 2 | 10 | 8 | 10.13 | 4, 13 |
| 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 6.33 | 5 |
| 6 | 2 | 10 | 12 | 15.19 | 2, 12 |
| 10 | 3 | 15 | 30 | 37.97 | 7, 15, 19 |
| Total | 20 of 20 | 100 | 79 of 79 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 20 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 3 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 31 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 79 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.95 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.55 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.55 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 15 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 23.38 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 467,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 26.78 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00017 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 96.2% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 6,757.91 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 40,214 kg <br /> 40,214 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 16,894.78 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Certainly military
References
- ^ Troxell, Hyla A. (1999), "A New Look at Some Alexander Staters from Salamis", in Michel Amandry - Silvia Hurter (eds.), Travaux de numismatique grecque offerts à Georges Le Rider, London, p. 359-67, pl. 37-38
- ^ Price, Martin Jessop (1991), The Coinage in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus: a British Museum Catalogue, 2 vol., Zürich-London, 637 p., 637 p., clix pl.
