S 952 - Chersonesos, bronze, chalkous
From SILVER
375 BCE - 350 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of bull facing. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | XEP (Greek).Fish left or right and club. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Chersonesos | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bosporus | Modern countryModern country: Russia (Crimea) | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 375 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 350 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 1.20 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | chalkous
|
StandardStandard.: |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Kovalenko 20081Kovalenko 2008, p. 110-113, n° 39-83. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 14 | 50 | 14 | 22.95 | 3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 17, 19, 22, 23, 25, 28 |
| 2 | 6 | 21.43 | 12 | 19.67 | 2, 8, 13, 15, 16, 20 |
| 3 | 3 | 10.71 | 9 | 14.75 | 5, 24, 27 |
| 4 | 2 | 7.14 | 8 | 13.11 | 9, 21 |
| 5 | 2 | 7.14 | 10 | 16.39 | 18, 26 |
| 6 | 1 | 3.57 | 6 | 9.84 | 1 |
| Total | 28 of 28 | 99.99 | 59 of 61 | 96.71 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 28 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 14 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 26 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 61 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.18 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.35 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 0.93 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 50 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 42.58 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 851,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 51.76 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00007 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 77.05% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,865.19 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 7,162.99 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Kovalenko, Sergei (2008), Die spätklassiche Münzprägung von Chersonesos Taurica, Berlin, 156 p., 18 pl.
