S 893 - Panticapaeum, silver, diobol, 550-410 BC
From SILVER
550 BCE - 410 BCE Silver 9,141 kg
Description
| Obverse: | Head of lion facing. |
| Reverse: | ΠΑ (types IX-X) ; ΠAΝ (type XII) ; ΠAΝΤΙ (types XIII-XV, XVII-XVIII) ; ΑΠΟΛ (types XXXIV-XXXV) (Greek). |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Panticapaeum | Ancient region: | Bosporus | Modern country: Russia (Crimea) | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 550 BCE | to | 410 BCE | Period: Archaic until 480 BC  , Classical 480-323 BC
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 1.50 | Denomination: | diobol
|
Standard: |
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1N. Frolova, Die frühe Münzprägung vom Kimmerischen Bosporos (Mitte 6. Bis Anfang 4. Jh.v.Chr.). Die Münzen der Städte Pantikapaion, Theodosia, Nymphaion und Phanagoria sowie der Sinder, Berlin, 2004 (p. 19-43, no. 51-79, 215-227, 230-252, 255-265, 298-310, 313-321, 324-332, 346-348, 355-380, 401-404, 409, 494-516, 540-542, "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2types II, VII, VIII, IX, X, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVII, XVIII, XXXIV, XXXV). | ||
| Coin series reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 109 | 73.15 | 109 | 44.31 | |
| 2 | 23 | 15.44 | 46 | 18.7 | |
| 3 | 5 | 3.36 | 15 | 6.1 | |
| 4 | 2 | 1.34 | 8 | 3.25 | |
| 5 | 4 | 2.68 | 20 | 8.13 | |
| 6 | 2 | 1.34 | 12 | 4.88 | |
| 7 | 3 | 2.01 | 21 | 8.54 | |
| 15 | 1 | 0.67 | 15 | 6.1 | |
| Total | 149 of 149 | 99.99 | 246 of 246 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 149 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 109 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 150 | Number of coins (n) | 246 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 1.65 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 1.64 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.01 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 73.15 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 304.71 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 6,094,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 377.88 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00004 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 55.69% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 1,614.65 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 9,141 kg <br /> 9,141 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 4,036.62 |
Remarks
