S 670 - Alexandria, silver, tetradrachm, 165-154 BC
From SILVER
165 BCE - 154 BCE Silver 63,853 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Ptolemy I Soter to right, wearing diadem and aegis around neck. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΣΟΤΗΡΟΣ (Greek).Eagle standing to left on thunderbolt. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Alexandria | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Egypt | Modern countryModern country: Egypt | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Ptolemy VI Philometor (Ptolemaic king, 180-145 BC), Ptolemy I Soter (satrap and Ptolemaic king of Egypt, 323-305 BC) - pretended authority (type) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 165 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 154 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 14.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Ptolemaic |
Image
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S 670 - Alexandria Tetradrachm 165-154 BC (Olivier 2012, Planche XL, 3759).png
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Olivier 20121Olivier 2012, p. 178-198, no. 3675-4354 and p. 199, no. 4375-4376. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 63 | 33.33 | 63 | 9.26 | D2, D7, D8, D11, D14, D17, D20, D31, D34, D35, D36, D44, D47, D52, D55, D56, D61, D67, D77, D78, D84, D85, D86, D87, D88, D92, D94, D96, D100, D101, D104, D105, D106, D109, D111, D112, D113, D114, D115, D118, D122, D124, D125, D126, D127, D131, D133, D135, D136, D139, D141, D153, D155, D156, D161, D165, D166, D170, D177, D179, D180, D185, D186 |
| 2 | 38 | 20.11 | 76 | 11.18 | D9, D10, D18, D21, D23, D25, D30, D37, D38, D43, D50, D72, D73, D74, D76, D80, D81, D93, D98, D99, D103, D117, D119, D120, D128, D129, D130, D132, D138, D145, D148, D149, D157, D162, D167, D168, D169, D174 |
| 3 | 21 | 11.11 | 63 | 9.26 | D3, D26, D33, D48, D57, D59, D66, D83, D91, D95, D102, D108, D134, D137, D140, D144, D160, D164, D176, D181, D187 |
| 4 | 17 | 8.99 | 68 | 10 | D5, D12, D16, D19, D22, D45, D54, D62, D68, D69, D70, D71, D75, D110, D121, D173, D182 |
| 5 | 9 | 4.76 | 45 | 6.62 | D6, D28, D41, D42, D58, D142, D143, D150, D183 |
| 6 | 9 | 4.76 | 54 | 7.94 | D40, D51, D53, D64, D65, D89, D90, D107, D184 |
| 7 | 10 | 5.29 | 70 | 10.29 | D1, D13, D39, D49, D97, D116, D147, D151, D152, D158 |
| 8 | 5 | 2.65 | 40 | 5.88 | D29, D32, D46, D79, D159 |
| 9 | 5 | 2.65 | 45 | 6.62 | D29, D32, D46, D79, D159 |
| 10 | 3 | 1.59 | 30 | 4.41 | D154, D188, D189 |
| 11 | 2 | 1.06 | 22 | 3.24 | D171, D175 |
| 12 | 1 | 0.53 | 12 | 1.76 | D146 |
| 13 | 1 | 0.53 | 13 | 1.91 | D60 |
| 14 | 1 | 0.53 | 14 | 2.06 | D4 |
| 15 | 2 | 1.06 | 30 | 4.41 | D24, D163 |
| 17 | 1 | 0.53 | 17 | 2.5 | D178 |
| 18 | 1 | 0.53 | 18 | 2.65 | D63 |
| Total | 189 of 189 | 100.01 | 680 of 680 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 189 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 63 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 0 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 680 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.6 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 0 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 226.43 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 4,528,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 261.75 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00015 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 90.74% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 6,006.27 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 63,853 kg <br /> 63,853 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 15,015.68 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Olivier, Julien (2012), Archè et Chrèmata en Egypte au IIe siècle avant J.-C. (204-81 av. J.-C.). Etude de numismatique et d'histoire, [Unpublished doctoral dissertation], Orléans University, 2012.
