S 624 - Citium (Ptolemy X), silver, tetradrachms (113-104 BCE)
From SILVER
113 BCE - 104 BCE Silver 3,835 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Ptolemy I Soter to right, wearing diadem and aegis around neck. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ (Greek).Eagle standing to left on thunderbolt .In field, date (and club sometimes with star, one/two helmet(s) sometimes with star, kerykeion or aplastron). |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Citium | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Cyprus | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Ptolemaic dynasty (323-30 BC), Ptolemy I Soter (satrap and Ptolemaic king of Egypt, 323-305 BC), Ptolemy X Alexander I (Ptolemaic king, 110-88 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 113 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 104 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 14.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Ptolemaic |
Image
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S 624 Citium Ptolemy X Tetradrachm 113-104 (Olivier 2012, Planche XVII, 1893).png
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Olivier 20121Olivier 2012, p. 110-112, no. 1821-1917. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 5 | 38.46 | 5 | 5.15 | 311, 315, 316, 317, 318 |
| 2 | 1 | 7.69 | 2 | 2.06 | 307 |
| 3 | 2 | 15.38 | 6 | 6.19 | 313, 314 |
| 7 | 1 | 7.69 | 7 | 7.22 | 309 |
| 8 | 1 | 7.69 | 8 | 8.25 | 308 |
| 15 | 1 | 7.69 | 15 | 15.46 | 312 |
| 20 | 1 | 7.69 | 20 | 20.62 | 306 |
| 34 | 1 | 7.69 | 34 | 35.05 | 310 |
| Total | 13 of 13 | 99.98 | 97 of 97 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 13 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 5 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 59 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 97 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 7.46 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.64 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 4.54 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 38.46 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 13.6 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 272,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 15.01 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00036 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 94.85% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 14,264.71 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 3,835 kg <br /> 3,835 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 35,661.76 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Olivier, Julien (2012), Archè et Chrèmata en Egypte au IIe siècle avant J.-C. (204-81 av. J.-C.). Etude de numismatique et d'histoire, [Unpublished doctoral dissertation], Orléans University, 2012.
