S 58 - Aradus, bronze, NC, 176-18 BC
From SILVER
176 BCE - 18 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Tyche right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Poseidon sitting on the bow of a ship |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Aradus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Phoenicia | Modern countryModern country: Syria | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 176 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 18 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 6.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Duyrat 2005, p. 66-70, no. 2237-2492 (series 7). | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 36 | 37.11 | 36 | 14.57 | 6, 7, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 33, 38, 39, 40, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 61, 62, 63, 74, 75, 77, 78, 79, 81, 83, 84, 85, 87, 89, 92, 95, 97 |
| 2 | 23 | 23.71 | 46 | 18.62 | 5, 8, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 30, 31, 34, 41, 43, 55, 57, 58, 60, 64, 65, 69, 72, 86, 90, 91 |
| 3 | 17 | 17.53 | 51 | 20.65 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 16, 18, 20, 27, 42, 47, 54, 59, 68, 70, 76, 80 |
| 4 | 9 | 9.28 | 36 | 14.57 | 9, 26, 32, 36, 37, 52, 71, 73, 88 |
| 5 | 6 | 6.19 | 30 | 12.15 | 5, 29, 35, 82, 93, 96 |
| 7 | 3 | 3.09 | 21 | 8.5 | 19, 56, 94 |
| 8 | 2 | 2.06 | 16 | 6.48 | 53, 67 |
| 11 | 1 | 1.03 | 11 | 4.45 | 66 |
| Total | 97 of 97 | 100 | 247 of 247 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 97 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 36 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 180 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 247 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.55 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.37 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.86 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 37.11 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 133.79 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,675,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 159.73 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00009 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 85.43% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 3,692.35 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 9,230.88 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Duyrat, Frédérique (2005), Arados hellénistique. Etude historique et monétaire, Beirut
